Freckles (Ephelides)
Freckles (ephelides) are small, flat, light-to-dark brown spots that develop on sun-exposed areas, especially in fair-skinned people. They are harmless, but many people worry about their appearance — or confuse them with sun damage or skin cancers. At DermLab, our Dermatologists provide accurate diagnosis to distinguish freckles from other pigmented lesions, along with treatment options if you’d like them reduced for cosmetic reasons.
Causes
Genetics — freckles are more common in fair-skinned people with red or blonde hair
UV exposure — freckles darken with sun and fade in low-light seasons
Skin type — more common in lighter Fitzpatrick skin types
Signs & Symptoms
Small, flat, round or oval spots
Light to dark brown, often more noticeable after sun exposure
Most common on the face, arms, and shoulders
Appear in childhood or teenage years, fade in winter, darken in summer
Usually harmless, but important not to confuse with lentigos, moles, or early melanoma
Treatment at DermLab
Freckles don’t need medical treatment, but cosmetic options are available if desired:
Sun protection — prevents freckles from darkening and reduces new spots
Prescription creams — to lighten pigmentation (hydroquinone, retinoids)
Laser treatments (pigment & CO₂ laser) — effective for fading or removing freckles
Chemical peels — can reduce pigmentation across larger areas
Camouflage & skincare advice — support for patients wanting cosmetic coverage
Frequently Asked Questions
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No — freckles are harmless, but pigmented spots should always be checked by a Dermatologist to rule out skin cancer.
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Freckles can be lightened or removed with laser, but new freckles may still appear with sun exposure.
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Freckles appear in childhood and fade in winter, while sun spots (solar lentigos) develop later in life and don’t fade seasonally.
Request a Consultation
We know skin, and want you to be comfortable in yours. Let’s discuss your concerns and how to reclaim health and confidence.